The first Malayalam film, "Balan," was released in 1938, marking the beginning of the film industry in Kerala. However, it wasn't until the 1950s and 1960s that Malayalam cinema started gaining popularity, with films like "Nirmala" (1963) and "Chemmeen" (1965) becoming huge successes. These early films often dealt with social issues, folklore, and mythology, reflecting the cultural values of Kerala.